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Brandon is the second-largest city in the province of Manitoba, Canada. It is located in the southwestern corner of the province on the banks of the Assiniboine River, approximately west of the provincial capital, Winnipeg, and east of the Saskatchewan border. Brandon covers an area of 465.16 km (176.1 sq mi) and has a population of 46,061,〔http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4607062&Geo2=PR&Code2=46&Data=Count&SearchText=Brandon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=4607062&TABID=1〕 while its census metropolitan area has a population of 53,229.〔http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMA&Code1=610&Geo2=PR&Code2=46&Data=Count&SearchText=Brandon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1〕 It is a major hub of trade and commerce for the Westman region as well as parts of southeastern Saskatchewan and northern North Dakota, an area with a combined population of around 180,000 people.〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/trading-area〕 Brandon was incorporated in 1882,〔http://www.brandonchamber.ca/about-brandon/history-of-brandon〕 having a history rooted in the Assiniboine River fur trade as well as its role as a major junction on the Canadian Pacific Railway.〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/history-of-brandon〕 Known as ''The Wheat City'', Brandon's economy is predominantly associated with agriculture,〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/overview〕 however it also has strengths in education, manufacturing, food processing, health care, and transportation.〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/economic-base〕〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/largest-employers〕 The city is home to Brandon University, Assiniboine Community College, and the Manitoba Emergency Services College.〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/education-training-institutions〕 Canadian Forces Base Shilo is located east of Brandon, and maintains close socioeconomic ties with the city.〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/cfb-shilo-overview〕 Brandon's Keystone Centre, one of the largest consolidated entertainment, convention, agriculture and recreation complexes in Canada,〔http://economicdevelopmentbrandon.com/event-recreation-facilities〕 is the home of the Brandon Wheat Kings, the Brandon Curling Club, and the Royal Manitoba Winter Fair.〔http://www.keystonecentre.com〕 In 2012, Brandon was ranked as the 6th best place to live in Canada by MoneySense magazine.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://list.moneysense.ca/rankings/best-places-to-live/2012/Default.aspx?sp2=2&sc1=0&d1=a )〕 ==History== Prior to the influx of people from Eastern Canada, the area around Brandon was primarily used by the Sioux people, the Bungays, the Yellow Quills, and the Bird Tails. In the 1870s and early 1880s, the Plains Bison were nearly completely wiped out by over-hunting. With the destruction of their staff of life, the buffalo, the nomadic Sioux people began to agree to settle in reservations such as the Sioux Valley Dakota Nation, or left the area entirely. French Canadians also passed through the area on river boats on their way to the Hudson Bay Post, Fort Ellice located near present day St. Lazare, Manitoba. The city of Brandon gets its name from the Blue Hills south of the city, which got their name from a Hudson's Bay trading post known as Brandon House, which got its name from a hill on an island in James Bay where Captain James had anchored his ship in 1631.〔 During the 1870s it was believed by most that the transcontinental railway would take a northwesterly direction from Portage la Prairie. Many thought that the route would most likely go through either Minnedosa or Rapid City, Manitoba because they were both located at natural river crossings. Rapid City was the front runner for the site of the new railway and had prepared for the impending building boom accordingly. But suddenly, in 1881, the builders of the railway decided to take a more westerly route from Winnipeg, towards Grand Valley.〔 Grand Valley was located on the northern side of the Assiniboine, opposite the side of the river where present-day Brandon sits. Grand Valley was originally settled by two brothers John and Dougal McVicar, and their families. With the expectation of the new railroad, settlers and prospectors now rushed to an area they had previously avoided.〔 Around 1879 a few settlers led by Reverend George Roddick had begun to build their new homes about 10 miles south of Grand Valley, at the foot of the Brandon Hills.〔 Meanwhile in Grand Valley with expectation of the railway, the town began to boom. Regular voyages were made by steam sternwheelers to the city, each bring more and more settlers.〔 In the spring of 1881, General Thomas L. Rosser, Chief Engineer of the Canadian Pacific Railway arrived in Grand Valley. It was Rosser's job to choose the townsites for the railway. Rosser approached Dougald McVicar of Grand Valley and offered him $25,000 for the railway in Grand Valley. McVicar countered with $50,000 to which Rosser replied that “I’ll be damned if a town of any kind is ever built here".〔 So instead Rosser crossed the Assiniboine river and built the site of the railway on the high sandy south of the River, two miles west of Grand Valley. So the site was then moved to a site just west of today's current First Street bridge in Brandon. A shanty had been built there by a man named J.D. Adamson, and it was on this quarter section Adamson claimed that Rosser chose as the townsite for the CPR Railway and named Brandon.〔 After the location of the railway was once again changed, there was still hope that Grand Valley could become a rival neighbour to Brandon. But late in June 1881 it became clear that Grand Valley would not have lasted as a city long term. A flood hit in late June, and as the city was built on a low lying part of the river, flooded quickly and dramatically.〔 Because Grand Valley was built on a low flood plain, and Brandon was built on the heights on the other side. It became apparent that Brandon was the best place for a city in the area. Brandon Chamber of Commerce building, front.jpg Rosser had chosen Brandon as the townsite in May 1881, within a year settlers had flocked to Brandon in such numbers that it was incorporated as a city. Brandon never spent any time as a town or village but has only existed as a city.〔 An Internment camp was set up at the Exhibition Building in Brandon from September 1914 to July 1916. In contemporary times, Brandon City Council elected its first female mayor when Shari Decter Hirst defeated incumbent Dave Burgess in the 2010 municipal election. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brandon, Manitoba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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